Accelerating India’s Shift to Clean Cooking
CLASP participated in the fourth Modern Energy Cooking Forum (MECF 2025) in New Delhi on 26 September. The event brought together diverse stakeholders to work towards integrating electric cooking (e-cooking) into India’s energy and climate policies.
Efficient cooking advances health, equity, and climate goals
Globally, more than 2 billion people still rely on polluting fuels like wood, charcoal, kerosene, or coal as their main cooking fuel1. In India, about 54% of households use traditional solid fuels, either as their main source of energy or alongside liquefied petroleum gas, contributing significantly to indoor air pollution2. Dependence on solid fuels negatively impacts people’s quality of life. It harms people’s health through exposure to smoke and pollutants, and it also limits productivity and keeps households trapped in a never-ending cycle of labor-intensive chores.
Improving household access to e-cooking helps address these challenges while advancing energy and climate goals. Shifting to cleaner, more efficient electric cooking can help reduce respiratory illness symptoms and other health impacts, save households time and money, while freeing up hours spent on fuel collection and cooking. From a climate perspective, the widespread adoption of e-cooking can reduce emissions from the residential energy sector and contribute to India’s decarbonization goals.
CLASP supports India's shift to clean cooking
At MECF 2025, Neha Dhingra, CLASP’s Director, India, shared CLASP’s approach for accelerating India’s clean cooking transition. The approach focuses on market-shaping activities:
- Policy and institutional collaborations: CLASP has a longstanding relationship with the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) and will continue working with government stakeholders to align policies, standards, and procurement with clean cooking solutions. These collaborations are critical to ensuring that solutions are available and supported by national policies.
- Evidence and risk reduction: By providing robust appliance performance data and consumer insights, CLASP helps policymakers, financiers, and companies make informed investments in e-cooking.
- Consumer awareness and demand: CLASP will continue supporting campaigns that highlight the tangible benefits of e-cooking, from household savings to improved air quality and safer kitchens.
“Through MECS, we see opportunities for Indian companies to grow in the domestic market and expand into new markets globally. CLASP is excited to help fill gaps where we can, and ensure that together, we accelerate the transition to efficient e-cooking in India and beyond.”
Neha Dhingra
Director, India (CLASP)
With this approach, CLASP aims to ensure that clean cooking appliances are available, but also affordable, trusted, and widely adopted. Through our partnership with MECS and in collaboration with local partners like Finovista, CLASP will provide venture-building support to Indian manufacturers, help identify high-growth opportunities, refine business models, and develop strategic connections with funders and partners.
CLASP’s Sumedha Awasthy (Senior Associate, Clean Energy Access) and Jatin Mathur (Associate, Clean Energy Access) also contributed to a special session on research and innovation in e-cooking, demonstrating how policy, finance, and market-building can speed up the shift. Their presentation highlighted initiatives such as the Global Leap Awards and the Institutional E-Cooking Demo.
The opportunity for India to scale efficient e-cooking
With universal electricity access3 and a strong cooking appliance industry, India is well-positioned to scale domestic adoption and tap into international markets. CLASP is committed to working alongside partners in India and beyond to ensure that affordable, efficient, clean cooking solutions reach households that need it most. By further improving standards and policies, building markets, and implementing consumer-centric approaches, India can turn MECF’s momentum into lasting impact.
About the Modern Energy Cooking Forum (MECF)
MECF is hosted by Finovista and the Modern Energy Cooking Services (MECS) programme. This year’s forum strengthened its role as a key platform driving India’s clean cooking dialogue and strategy since 2022. MECF 2025 was supported by NITI Aayog, the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India, Energy Efficiency Services Limited, and the Global Energy Alliance for People and Planet.
Discussions focused on decarbonizing the cooking sector, equity, state-level programs, financing, and demand-side challenges and opportunities to scale up e-cooking. A highlight of the forum was the Innovation Pavilion, where new technologies were showcased through live cooking demonstrations for diverse consumer segments.
0. International Energy Agency, “Access to Clean Cooking”. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
1. Modern Energy Cooking Services programme, “The Green Shift in Clean Cooking Fuel in India”, 18 May 2023. https://mecs.org.uk/blog/the-green-shift-in-clean-cooking-fuel-in-india/
2. International Energy Agency, “Electricity access continues to improve in 2024 – after first global setback in decades”, 5 November 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
Kenya Clean Cooking Week 2025: Turning Strategies into Action
CLASP team members joined the Kenya Clean Cooking Week in Kilifi County last week. The team showcased hands-on cooking demonstrations, competitions, and panel discussions, highlighting the role that policy support, financing, partnerships, and grassroots adoption plays in accelerating progress.
Why clean cooking matters
Over the past decade, Kenya has made remarkable progress in clean cooking. The share of Kenyans using clean cooking solutions has more than doubled, rising from 15% to 31%, making it the fastest growth rate of clean cooking in Sub-Saharan Africa4. This momentum has been supported by broader advances in electrification. Electricity access in Kenya grew from 37% in 2013 to 79% in 20235, creating a strong foundation for the wider adoption of clean cooking.
Despite this, around 68.5% of the population still relies on firewood, charcoal, or kerosene; with firewood remaining the main cooking fuel6. These fuels come at a high cost. They degrade forests, pollute the air, and are linked to serious health problems ranging from heart disease and strokes to cancer7.
Electric cooking (e-cooking) appliances like induction cooktops and electric pressure cookers offer a safer, cleaner alternative. They eliminate smoke, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and help curb deforestation by replacing wood and charcoal. They also make kitchens safer by minimizing risks of burns, fires, and explosions, improving the lives of whole communities.
CLASP at Clean Cooking Week 2025
Along with our international and local partners, Ecobora, Gamos East Africa, and MECS, CLASP hosted a cooking competition at our exhibition booth. Contestants prepared dishes of their choice on induction cooktops, using locally available ingredients.
After the cook-off, participants noted things like:
- “The appliances were surprisingly easy to use.”
- “No smoke was produced compared to firewood.”
- “The cooktop felt safe to use and minimized risks like burns.”
The competition showed that clean cooking is not just a climate or health solution, it’s a practical, safe, and efficient choice that improves people’s lives.
With representatives from the Clean Cooking Delivery Unit, GIZ, Kilifi County Government, the Office of the First Lady of Kenya, Practical Action, and UK PACT, CLASP’s Nyamolo Abagi (Director, Clean Energy Access) joined a panel on the importance of partnerships in delivering transformational change across the clean cooking sector. She emphasized that partnerships must extend beyond the usual stakeholders and include the people who use these technologies every day.
We work with governments, manufacturers, development partners and policymakers – but just as importantly, we partner with everyday users as citizen scientists. They’re not just recipients of technology; they’re co-creators of these solutions. Their lived experience brings critical insights that help shape appliances that are not only efficient, but usable, affordable, and trusted. That’s how we build clean cooking ecosystems that last.
Nyamolo Abagi
Director, Clean Energy Access
In a panel on equity and inclusion, including representatives from Kilifi County Government, Mwangaza Light, Practical Action, SOLCO Partnership, SNV, and WWF, CLASP’s Mike Ofuya (Associate, Clean Energy Access) highlighted the hidden costs of cooking with firewood and charcoal in schools. He noted that shifting to e-cooking appliances can significantly improve health outcomes while freeing up financial and human resources currently consumed by firewood use. These savings could instead fund better food, educational supplies, and infrastructure, while strengthening learning outcomes across the country.
Partnerships to push forward
The Government of Kenya aims to achieve universal access to clean cooking by 2028. CLASP is working alongside partners like Ecobora, MECS, and Jikoni Magic to accelerate this goal, by promoting the adoption of affordable, energy-efficient cooking appliances and raising awareness of their benefits.
Clean Cooking Week 2025 sent a clear message. The time for strategizing has passed, it’s time for action that delivers healthier homes, stronger economies, and a safer environment.
More information at www.clasp.ngo/appliances/electric-cooking-appliances.
About the event:
Kenya’s Clean Cooking Week is organized by the Clean Cooking Association of Kenya in partnership with the Ministry of Energy and Petroleum, and the 2025 edition ran from 26 to 28 August. This year’s theme, “Implementing Clean Cooking Strategies and County Energy Plans: Transformation, Inclusivity and Empowerment”, focused on turning strategies into action.
The event gathered diverse stakeholders, including government representatives, industry, civil society, development partners, and academia, all united by the goal of achieving universal access to clean cooking.
0. International Energy Agency, “Access to Clean Cooking”. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
1. Modern Energy Cooking Services programme, “The Green Shift in Clean Cooking Fuel in India”, 18 May 2023. https://mecs.org.uk/blog/the-green-shift-in-clean-cooking-fuel-in-india/
2. International Energy Agency, “Electricity access continues to improve in 2024 – after first global setback in decades”, 5 November 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
3. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
4. “Kenya 2024 Energy Policy Review”, International Energy Agency, April 2025. https://www.iea.org/reports/kenya-2024
5. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
6. ”Household air pollution”, World Health Organization, October 16, 2024. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health
Cooking for Health and Climate: Insights from a UK Retrofit
A shift is underway in how people power their homes across Europe, driven by climate targets and energy security concerns. Much of the momentum has focused on heating and cooling, with fossil fuel boilers being replaced by electric heat pumps and other low-carbon systems. But many kitchens are being left behind.
For over 15 million households in the United Kingdom (UK), cooking with gas is still the norm. This comes with hidden risks, including indoor air pollution from substances like nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide, and benzene. These pollutants carry significant health impacts: NO2 has been linked to asthma, lung disease, and other serious health conditions, and benzene is a known carcinogen. Beyond the health risks, even when not in use, gas stoves can also leak methane, a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change.
A recent pilot project led by Global Action Plan, in partnership with CLASP, shows how switching to electric cooking can significantly improve people’s quality of life, while helping the UK meet its climate goals.
A gas-to-electric cooking retrofit in Manchester
In early 2025, Global Action Plan and CLASP partnered with Greater Manchester Combined Authority, Southway Housing, Beko, B&Q, and Electrolux to launch a social housing retrofit pilot. The goal: Remove gas cookers from ten Manchester homes and replace them with electric ovens and induction cooktops.
Each of the participating households had already completed a heating retrofit, making cooking the final milestone in the journey to full household decarbonization, which would allow them to disconnect from the gas network and remove the standing charge from their energy bills. Residents were surveyed and interviewed before and after the switch, providing valuable insights into the process of transitioning, as well as the benefits of electric cooking.
What the retrofit revealed
The results were striking:
- All participating households preferred their new induction cooktops to their old gas ones.
- Eighty-five percent found the transition easy or very easy.
- Awareness of the impact of gas cooking on indoor air quality jumped from 40% to 100%.
For some, the retrofit was life-changing. Farrah, a resident with asthma, said she needed her inhaler while cooking on gas. With her new induction cooktop, she can now breathe easier in her kitchen. Others, like June, initially hesitated to give up gas. But once she adapted to the touchscreen controls, she found induction easier to use and kinder on her arthritis. Stacie, a mother of two, felt safer without gas in the home. The residents’ experiences point to a clear conclusion: electric cooking is easy to adopt, comes with tangible benefits, and is favored by the people who have made the switch.
How local and national governments can help
The pilot project didn’t just highlight the real-world benefits of electric cooking—it also showed how widespread adoption is possible with the right support and created a model for scaling it across the UK. Based on the project’s insights, Global Action Plan and CLASP developed a checklist for local authorities to help plan and deliver cooking retrofits. From resident engagement to appliance provider selection, the guide provides a practical roadmap for replicating the Manchester pilot’s success of the Manchester pilot.
To support a national shift toward electric cooking in the UK, Global Action Plan and CLASP also released a report that provides policy pathways. The report was presented earlier this year during an event held in the UK Parliament, attended by members of Parliament, local policymakers, industry representatives, academics, local government officials, and public health professionals. The document outlines the steps needed to overcome barriers, like low public awareness and the exclusion of cooking appliances in current home retrofit schemes.
An equitable clean cooking transition
Moving the UK toward healthier, cleaner, and more efficient electric cooking is about far more than simply replacing appliances. Indoor air pollution from gas stoves disproportionately impacts vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, and those with respiratory conditions, making this a critical public health issue, as much an environmental one.
Achieving an equitable transition to modern cooking technologies requires addressing systemic barriers and prioritizing policies that support low-income families and other groups often left behind in clean energy initiatives. Beyond health and environmental benefits, electric cooking improves kitchen safety by eliminating open flames and gas leaks, in addition to reducing energy costs over time. Another benefit: Electric cooking is compatible with renewable energy and smart technologies that help households better manage their energy use, fostering more efficient and climate-friendly homes.
For more information about the retrofit pilot project: https://www.globalactionplan.org.uk/clean-air/gas-to-electric
Check out CLASP’s resources on the topic: https://www.clasp.ngo/cook-cleaner-europe/
0. International Energy Agency, “Access to Clean Cooking”. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
1. Modern Energy Cooking Services programme, “The Green Shift in Clean Cooking Fuel in India”, 18 May 2023. https://mecs.org.uk/blog/the-green-shift-in-clean-cooking-fuel-in-india/
2. International Energy Agency, “Electricity access continues to improve in 2024 – after first global setback in decades”, 5 November 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
3. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
4. “Kenya 2024 Energy Policy Review”, International Energy Agency, April 2025. https://www.iea.org/reports/kenya-2024
5. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
6. ”Household air pollution”, World Health Organization, October 16, 2024. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health
Electric Cooking Appliances
0. International Energy Agency, “Access to Clean Cooking”. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
1. Modern Energy Cooking Services programme, “The Green Shift in Clean Cooking Fuel in India”, 18 May 2023. https://mecs.org.uk/blog/the-green-shift-in-clean-cooking-fuel-in-india/
2. International Energy Agency, “Electricity access continues to improve in 2024 – after first global setback in decades”, 5 November 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
3. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
4. “Kenya 2024 Energy Policy Review”, International Energy Agency, April 2025. https://www.iea.org/reports/kenya-2024
5. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
6. ”Household air pollution”, World Health Organization, October 16, 2024. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health
2025 Buyer’s Guide for Induction Cooktops
Global LEAP Awards Buyer’s Guides are catalogues of best-in-class appliances and productive use equipment appropriate for use in energy-constrained settings. This edition contains information about induction cooktops named winners and finalists in the 2024-2025 Global LEAP Awards Induction Cooktops Competition.
Nearly 2.3 billion people around the world still rely on polluting fuels, such as firewood, charcoal, and kerosene, for daily cooking. This dependence has far-reaching impacts on public health, the environment, and social and economic inequalities. Modern, energy-efficient electric cooking appliances like induction cooktops offer a powerful alternative.
The 2024–2025 Induction Cooktop Competition builds on growing efforts to expand access to high-quality eCooking solutions. This Buyer’s Guide features the competition’s winners and finalists and highlights top-performing products designed for off- and weak-grid communities. It is a practical resource for market stakeholders, including investors, funders, distributors, and other commercial actors. It provides detailed product specifications, performance metrics, and sales contact information.
The 2024–2025 Induction Cooktops Competition was administered by CLASP and funded by the IKEA Foundation and UK aid from the UK government via the Transforming Energy Access platform.
Read the ‘2025 Buyer’s Guide for Induction Cooktops’ to learn more.
About the Global Leap Awards
The Global LEAP Awards—an initiative of the Efficiency for Access coalition—is an international competition that identifies and promotes the world’s best, most energy-efficient appliances and equipment intended for use in energy-constrained settings.
0. International Energy Agency, “Access to Clean Cooking”. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
1. Modern Energy Cooking Services programme, “The Green Shift in Clean Cooking Fuel in India”, 18 May 2023. https://mecs.org.uk/blog/the-green-shift-in-clean-cooking-fuel-in-india/
2. International Energy Agency, “Electricity access continues to improve in 2024 – after first global setback in decades”, 5 November 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
3. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
4. “Kenya 2024 Energy Policy Review”, International Energy Agency, April 2025. https://www.iea.org/reports/kenya-2024
5. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
6. ”Household air pollution”, World Health Organization, October 16, 2024. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health
United Kingdom’s First Plan to Shift the Nation to Electric Cookers Presented to Members of Parliament
Government ‘blind spot’ on polluting gas stoves failing to prevent nearly 4,000 early deaths annually
1.5 million more gas hobs will be installed without policy change
London, 27 May 2025 – The United Kingdom’s (UK) first detailed plan to prevent thousands of early deaths by transitioning the nation from gas to electric cookers has been presented in Parliament.
Gas cookers regularly raise pollution above recommended safety levels in British homes, leading to an estimated 3,928 early deaths and about 500,000 children having asthma symptoms [1].
The cookers remain common and the government has no published plan to phase them out or stop them being installed in 1.5 million planned new homes [2]. This despite a legal obligation to decarbonise homes by 2050 and advice from Parliament’s Climate Change Committee to phase-out gas cookers by the mid 2030s.
Today, the UK’s first comprehensive package of proposals to transition to cleaner electric cookers was published by non-profit Global Action Plan, organiser of Clean Air Day, and international appliance efficiency NGO CLASP.
The 36-page document urges government to halt the installation of gas cookers by 2035 as the cornerstone of a “strategically managed transition”. Cleaner induction hobs and electric ovens could be encouraged through measures such as introducing pollution standards for appliances and helping homeowners replace their cookers through scrappage schemes, which already exist for gas boilers. With housebuilding a government priority, the NGOs want the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government to move ahead with its Future Homes Standard that would effectively stop mains gas being connected to new housing developments.
The paper was published alongside results of a retrofit pilot project carried out in partnership with Greater Manchester Combined Authority [3]. This replaced gas for electric cookers in 10 social housing properties in Manchester. All residents said they favour induction hobs over gas, despite broad earlier scepticism, and the homes are no longer connected to the gas network. The project was intended to demonstrate how the transition to electric cooking could work for many social housing associations, where residents may need financial support to make the switch.
The policy roadmap and retrofit findings were first presented at an event in Parliament last week and shared with ministers.
Larissa Lockwood, Director of Policy & Campaigns at Global Action Plan: “Homes with gas stoves can have nitrogen dioxide levels up to 400% higher than those without – this is the same type of toxic air pollution that comes from car exhausts and is linked to a range of health conditions including lung and heart disease. Transitioning from gas to electric cooking across the UK is a win-win: it will benefit public health through improving indoor air quality, as well as reducing household emissions and energy use. Today we are launching a robust policy roadmap that demonstrates how the UK can transition from gas to electric cooking by 2035, in line with Government home decarbonisation commitments and Climate Change Committee recommendations. We urge policymakers to ensure that UK households are not left behind in the transition to cleaner, safer, and more efficient cooking methods.”
Nicole Kearney, CLASP Director, Europe said: “As governments across Europe move to decarbonise heating, gas cooking remains a blind spot, a neglected source of indoor air pollution that keeps homes locked into using fossil fuels. The solution to bridge these gaps and make cleaner, healthier, and more efficient electric cooking accessible to everyone is available and ready for implementation. The UK Government should seize this opportunity and set a powerful precedent by championing an equitable transition.”
Manchester MP Afzal Khan, host of the parliamentary event, said: “Air pollution from gas cooking is linked to a range of health problems including asthma, lung and heart disease. I’m pleased to see Manchester leading locally on the transition from gas to electric cooking in social housing and demonstrating the value of electric cooking as a solution to improve air quality, boost public health, cut emissions and reduce household energy bills in the long run. We need to see action on a national scale to ensure that cooking isn’t left out of home decarbonisation efforts. Global Action Plan’s new report provides a comprehensive pathway to transition to electric cooking across the UK, and I urge the Government to review the recommendations set out within it.”
Quarterly polling by Opinium for Global Action Plan of 2,000 British adults shows that public awareness of gas cooking pollution and concern over its health, safety and environmental impacts is relatively low but has been steadily rising for years.
Some 2% of UK carbon dioxide emissions come from cooking. Phasing-out gas hobs would cut the equivalent of all of Birmingham, Glasgow, Edinburgh and Sheffield’s greenhouse gas emissions combined, CLASP calculates. The government had planned to phase-out gas boilers by 2035, but has so far overlooked the need to transition away from fossil fuel cooking appliances.
Ends
Notes
[1] Burning gas in the kitchen produces levels of indoor air pollution that exceed legal outdoor limits. The World Health Organization daily limit value for nitrogen dioxide exposure was broken in about half (55%) of British homes using gas hobs and/or gas ovens measured under normal living conditions by a Dutch scientific institute. Pollution spikes lasted several hours and were more intense the longer the cooking time. No breaches in homes using electric appliances were recorded. The same institute estimated that 557,326 British children report asthma symptoms. Spanish scientists built on the Dutch research to estimate the number of premature deaths in the UK from gas cookers.
[2] Public awareness of the risks has been growing steadily and gas cooker sales are slowly declining. But they still make up around 40% of sales and gas hobs are installed in around half of all UK homes. Government polling in 2023 found that two thirds of those asked intend to replace their gas hobs. The Government recognises air pollution as the biggest environmental health risk in the UK. Cookers and heaters are the main sources of air pollution inside homes that use gas. Despite this, there is currently no legislation or policy framework in place to warn UK consumers about the risks or encourage a shift to cleaner alternatives. Unless that changes, GAP estimates that well over 1.5 million new gas hobs will be installed in this parliamentary term, based on existing sales data. Gas cookers tend to be used for around 19 years, experts say, prolonging exposure to indoor air pollution.
[3] Residents in ten Southway Housing Trust properties agreed to have their gas ovens and hobs replaced with induction hobs and electric ovens in early 2025. Some of the gas cookers had been installed decades earlier. Interviews were conducted with all ten households one week before the installation and with seven that remained in the pilot one week after the retrofit. Of these, five said the transition was very easy and one said it was easy. Before the switch, only one household thought induction was easy to use. The project was supported by Beko, B&Q and Electrolux.
Contacts
- Global Action Plan press office press@globalactionplan.org.uk
- CLASP Director, Europe Nicole Kearney (EN) +44 75 4486 5924
- CLASP Senior Communications Associate Païline Caroni (EN, FR) +32 473 127 674
- CLASP Communications Consultant Jack Hunter: jack@fthe.fr +33 7 54 54 35 48
Global Action Plan mobilises people and organisations to take action on the systems that harm us and our planet. We are an environmental charity focused on issues where the connection between the health of people and our planet is most tangible. Our current focus issues are air pollution, big tech, and the education system.
CLASP is the leading global authority on efficient appliances’ role in fighting climate change and improving people’s lives. An international NGO with 25 years of expertise and offices on four continents, CLASP collaborates with policymakers, industry leaders, and other experts to create a more sustainable future for people and the planet. CLASP and our partners are dedicated to solving the world’s most pressing, interconnected crises: the climate emergency, poverty, inequality, and access to energy.
0. International Energy Agency, “Access to Clean Cooking”. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
1. Modern Energy Cooking Services programme, “The Green Shift in Clean Cooking Fuel in India”, 18 May 2023. https://mecs.org.uk/blog/the-green-shift-in-clean-cooking-fuel-in-india/
2. International Energy Agency, “Electricity access continues to improve in 2024 – after first global setback in decades”, 5 November 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
3. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
4. “Kenya 2024 Energy Policy Review”, International Energy Agency, April 2025. https://www.iea.org/reports/kenya-2024
5. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
6. ”Household air pollution”, World Health Organization, October 16, 2024. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health
India Unveils 18 New Appliance Efficiency Policies
In a landmark year for energy policy, India’s Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), with support from CLASP, advanced 18 appliance efficiency regulations in 2024. This is a testimony to the country’s fast-paced policymaking and strong national commitment to appliance efficiency as a key lever for climate action and energy security.
Fast-paced policymaking to meet urgent needs
As India undergoes rapid urbanization and industrial growth, the demand for appliances is surging. Left unchecked, this growth could place immense pressure on the power grid and accelerate emissions. Recognizing this, the government prioritized improvements that directly address the rising energy demand from homes, commercial spaces, and industry.
18 new policies – large emissions cuts and cost savings
CLASP advocates for appliance efficiency which ensures that everyday products from refrigerators and fans to inverters and TVs consume less energy while delivering the same or better performance. This is critical in a country like India, where millions of households are purchasing new appliances for the first time. By using higher effiicency appliances, India is building a more resilient energy system, reducing energy bills for consumers, and cutting emissions at scale.
The cumulative effect of these 2024 policies is significant. By 2030, they are expected to save over 180 terawatt hours (TWh) of electricity and avoid nearly 146 megatons (Mt) of CO₂ emissions.
Standouts include policies covering:
- Packaged boilers, commercial beverage coolers, solar inverters, and refrigerant compressors, which are collectively estimated to save 32.2 terawatt-hours (TWh) of electricity and avoid 24 megatons (Mt) of CO₂ emissions.
- Ceiling fans, a widely used appliance that will now become more efficient, saving 35.9 terawatt-hours (TWh) of electricity and avoiding 29 megatons (Mt) of CO₂ emissions.
Full list of 2024 appliance policies:
- Room air conditioners (RAC) (fixed speed-split and window)
Improving appliance efficiency across states
CLASP has also been working closely with the State Designated Agencies (SDAs) in Odisha and Kerala to support the implementation of India’s national appliance efficiency policies. By strengthening the adoption and enforcement of BEE’s Standards & Labeling program at the state level, CLASP is helping ensure that the benefits of energy-efficient appliances reach households and industries across these regions.
Aligning with CLASP’s global mission
Emissions reductions and energy savings not only bolster India’s energy security and climate goals but also resonate with CLASP’s global mission to advance appliance efficiency for people and the planet. By supporting national institutions like BEE in strengthening appliance efficiency policies, CLASP continues to catalyze transformative, long-lasting change.
0. International Energy Agency, “Access to Clean Cooking”. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
1. Modern Energy Cooking Services programme, “The Green Shift in Clean Cooking Fuel in India”, 18 May 2023. https://mecs.org.uk/blog/the-green-shift-in-clean-cooking-fuel-in-india/
2. International Energy Agency, “Electricity access continues to improve in 2024 – after first global setback in decades”, 5 November 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
3. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
4. “Kenya 2024 Energy Policy Review”, International Energy Agency, April 2025. https://www.iea.org/reports/kenya-2024
5. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
6. ”Household air pollution”, World Health Organization, October 16, 2024. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health
Millions of People Lack Electricity. Solar Appliances Can Help
Cooling down on a scorching day, lighting the house at night, heating a pan to cook dinner: In wealthy countries, people take for granted the ability to meet their basic needs by switching on appliances. But in low-income nations, these appliances, along with the electricity needed to power them, are often out of reach.
As the planet warms, the lack of critical appliances has increasingly severe consequences, making it harder for people to thrive—and, in some cases, simply survive—in ever-harsher environments. Solar-powered appliances are a promising solution.
In this interview, Martha Wakoli, who works on CLASP’s clean energy access team in Nairobi, discusses their potential and how to reach it.
*
Sarah Wesseler, CLASP managing editor: Let’s start with some basics about solar appliances. What are they? Why should people who are interested in sustainable development and climate change care about them?
Martha Wakoli: Well, in places like the States or Europe, if you need light, you switch on a light bulb. But in other parts of the world, millions of people don’t have that option—they’re not connected to the electric grid. So they’ve found creative solutions for accessing services like lighting, cooling, and cooking. And that’s where the idea of solar appliances developed.
For a long time, this technology was used for things like charging phones and lighting homes. But increasingly, we’re seeing the potential to power much larger, almost industrial-level processes with solar appliances. Say you’re a clothing manufacturer in a place that doesn’t have electricity: The machines you need could be powered by the sun.
There’s more and more research and investment in these kinds of appliances. That opens a whole new pathway of solutions for the millions of people who continue to live without electricity.
Wesseler: When you say these appliances are powered by the sun, how does that work? I’m thinking about the US, where I live: A lot of people have solar panels on their roofs, but they still use standard appliances plugged into standard wall outlets. How are solar appliances different?
Wakoli: Well, with solar appliances, the appliance is connected directly to a solar panel on your roof via a cable. And depending on how many panels you have and how large they are, you could have multiple cables powering multiple appliances at the same time. And for appliances that are used outdoors—water pumps, for example—the cables from the solar panel also run directly to the appliance.
Solar irrigation in India
IDE Global / Bimala Colavito
Wesseler: What if the sun’s not out? Can you still run solar appliances then?
Wakoli: Yes. Solar appliances come with a little bit of energy storage, typically in the form of a battery, that allows them to keep functioning when it’s not sunny. For example, solar refrigerators keep things cool even at night.
Wesseler: That all makes sense. But why not just connect more people to the electric grid? Why focus on solar appliances instead?
Wakoli: There are a lot of reasons, but the most important is that it’s typically much more expensive to extend the power grid to far-flung places than it is to provide solar appliances. Solar appliances are more cost-effective in rural areas.
Providing solar appliances is also faster than building out the grid, which takes a long time. This is important given the urgency of the climate disaster, which we’re observing in real time, whether it’s heatwaves in India or droughts in Zambia. People need appliances that can help them adapt to climate change now.
Monica Tiwari, SPI
Efficiency for Access
Solar appliances can also help people build climate resilience and empower them to be more active participants in their own development. I’ll give you an example: In Mozambique, the government used taxpayer money to build an electric grid, but in 2023, Cyclone Freddie knocked it out. Compare that to decentralized systems, where people can have their own solar panels on their roofs or solar pumps on their farms. Because these appliances are modular, the scale of damage tends to be much smaller.
This kind of resilience is especially important for facilities like schools and hospitals. When floods or droughts make it impossible for them to operate where they are, there’s not much they can do if they rely on the electric grid. But with solar, they can move to a safer location and take their power source with them.
Another reason is that the grid itself is changing. Around the world, we’re preparing for what we’re calling the grid of the future. A lot of people now have electric vehicles, and in some areas, these vehicles can be plugged back into the wall, sending that power back to the grid, right? So you now have a complex bidirectional electric system that’s very different from what has existed for the last 70 years. Instead of having very few energy producers and many consumers, you have a growing number of what’s called “prosumers”: They produce the energy and they’re also consumers. This subset of people is growing everywhere.
Wesseler: You recently led research seeking to understand the number of people globally who need solar appliances. Why did you focus on this issue in particular?
Leave No One Behind: Bridging the Energy Access Gap with Innovative Off-Grid Solar Solutions
Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Temporibus laborum soluta sunt omnis itaque assumenda dolorum odit, autem neque eaque delectus repudiandae distinctio praesentium explicabo dolore? Soluta odit perspiciatis deleniti.
Wakoli: Well, in the development sector—so essentially, organizations that are trying to lift people out of poverty—if we cannot quantify a problem, it is difficult to know what interventions are needed in terms of money, regulations, and human capital. So providing information like this helps decision makers develop solutions.
And in this case, the problem we are looking at involves energy services to help marginalized people lift themselves out of poverty while also building resilience. This is important because, as we know, these groups are already being affected by climate change. So one goal of our work is to help the development and climate sectors understand that they’re working toward a common target.
This is particularly critical because, as we recently saw at COP29, there’s still a lot of resistance to the idea that the nations most responsible for climate change should fund other nations to protect themselves from it. But what the international community needs to understand is that that if we don’t mitigate climate disasters in the most vulnerable communities, the damage won’t just stay in those communities. Issues like climate-driven displacement and public health crises can easily spill over borders, making climate change an even more complex and expensive problem to solve. So I believe the international community should collaborate to address energy access challenges immediately to avoid this complication.
Wesseler: What did you learn from the research?
Wakoli: The key finding was that only about 2% of the need for key appliances is being met.
I think people in the international development and energy sectors intuitively knew that we are falling behind on providing universal electricity access, but there was still maybe not a good understanding of how far behind. With this research, we put a number to it: There are over 500 million people who need these appliances but don’t have them and won’t be able to afford them unless there are major changes in the appliance sector. That’s a massive gap.
Solar mill in Nigeria
CLASP
Wesseler: What would it take to close this gap?
Wakoli: Well, we need more investment at all levels of solar appliances. We need to invest in people who can support the sector: students, researchers, manufacturers, distributors, maintenance people. Companies need money to build these appliances, to test business models, to scale. We also need money for governments to conduct awareness campaigns. People need to go into communities to let them know about these appliances and demonstrate how they work.
We also need more cross-disciplinary dialogue. Lifting people out of poverty requires more than electricity or appliances; the solution has to involve people who work in agriculture, environmental advocacy, etc. A practical example is solar water pumps, which make it easier for farmers to generate income. But productivity is not only a function of water; farmers also need good seeds, fertilizer, and good soil. So people outside the energy sector need to be involved as well.
Ultimately, we need to build a market that can exist without external support. Think of Coca-Cola. Soda is the one thing that is ubiquitous in every place I have been, even where people don’t have high incomes. Coca-Cola has figured out how to reach the last mile in countries like Kenya and India. The solar appliance sector needs to get to the same place.
Developing a self-sustaining market for solar appliances will require collaboration across governments, the private sector, and development partners. Governments need to prioritize solar appliances and other energy-efficient solutions as part of their national electrification strategies, and the appliance sector needs to build muscle in distribution and consumer awareness. What’s more, all these actors need to prioritize ensuring that solar appliances support increased productivity, driving up incomes for communities living below the poverty line.
Many critical pieces of this puzzle are currently missing. Right now, a lot of the money in the solar appliance sector comes from European governments as part of their international aid programs. But if we’re thinking about a sustainable solution for more than 50 countries and more than half a billion people, it cannot be contingent on well-wishers alone.
Interview edited and condensed.
0. International Energy Agency, “Access to Clean Cooking”. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
1. Modern Energy Cooking Services programme, “The Green Shift in Clean Cooking Fuel in India”, 18 May 2023. https://mecs.org.uk/blog/the-green-shift-in-clean-cooking-fuel-in-india/
2. International Energy Agency, “Electricity access continues to improve in 2024 – after first global setback in decades”, 5 November 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
3. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
4. “Kenya 2024 Energy Policy Review”, International Energy Agency, April 2025. https://www.iea.org/reports/kenya-2024
5. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
6. ”Household air pollution”, World Health Organization, October 16, 2024. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health
The Push for Efficient, Healthy Cooktops
Hobs, also known as cooktops, are found in nearly every household, yet they lack proper scrutiny in terms of their nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions and energy efficiency.
The impact of gas cooktops on health and climate
- Gas hobs contribute to poor indoor air quality. CLASP and Jaume I University’s research shows that gas hobs emit levels of NO2, that exceed outdoor air quality standards in the EU and UK, which can be harmful to our health. Until now, gas hob manufacturers have been able to sell appliances without any consideration of the amount of NO2 they emit. Introducing new NO2 tests and limits for gas hobs will help reduce pollutants emitted into the kitchen and improve indoor air quality.
- The energy efficiency of gas hobs is also overestimated, in comparison to their electric counterparts. Gas and electric hobs are currently tested in different conditions, which could result in overestimated energy efficiency results for gas-fueled technologies. For example, gas hobs are tested using pots which are larger than those typically used in kitchens – a larger pot captures more heat from the flame, which results in better efficiency than if a smaller pot is used.
Without real-world and comparable electric and gas energy efficiency performance standards, it is impossible to accurately assess which appliances are best for human health and reducing climate emissions. CLASP’s research shows that more ambitious policies could cut emissions by 60Mt CO2 by 2050.
To help address these issues, CLASP has developed a new method to test gas and electric hobs that reflects how people cook and identifies potential technological improvements. This test method also satisfies energy efficiency and health-related concerns.
CLASP’s call to action for the European Commission and Member States
- Set NO2 emissions limits: Setting limits on NO2 emissions from gas hobs is critical for improving indoor air quality. CLASP encourages the adoption of a new emissions test, with meaningful limits, to ensure only the safest and cleanest appliances make it to the market.
- Introduce a comparable test method for gas and electric hobs: The European Commission should adopt an improved and comparable test method that provides a fair and accurate energy efficiency rating for gas and electric hobs. When these appliances are tested in the same conditions, consumers can better identify the best options which will in turn drive innovation within the industry.
- Transparency of efficiency and emissions data: Consumers and policymakers need open access to better information on how these products perform on energy efficiency and emissions. An improved common test method will ensure people can accurately and fairly compare the performance of different hob technologies. Energy and emissions data should be shared with the product specifications on product websites and in instruction manuals, and in a future energy label for hobs. This will allow people to make informed decisions about the products they purchase, and governments will have better data to develop more impactful policies.
- Take immediate action: CLASP emphasizes the need for swift policy adoption, application, and revision timelines. Slower timescales will result in missed opportunities to protect people’s health, reduce utility bills, and climate mitigation impacts. The European Commission should collaborate with national institutions and industry to collect data on emissions and energy efficiency to guide future policy revisions.
In the European Union, countries like Italy and Poland continue to rely heavily on gas cooking appliances. CLASP’s proposed policy changes could have a wide-reaching impact. Our latest research, based on consumer surveys conducted in eight European countries, shows that most Europeans believe manufacturers should improve product efficiency and reduce pollution emitted by hobs. Consumers also hold government responsible for supporting their transition away from gas to cleaner, electric cooking.

CLASP’s recommendations are backed by health and environmental organizations, including the European Public Health Alliance (EPHA), the International Society of Doctors for the Environment Italy, and Respire. Organizations, like ECOS and the European Environmental Bureau, are working on improving standards and policies for cleaner, efficient, and sustainable cooktops, amongst other products, while EPHA is working towards policies for better indoor air quality.
CLASP and partners call on policymakers, industry leaders, and consumers to support these crucial changes for a healthier, more sustainable future.
For more information about CLASP’s research on gas and electric cooking, visit: https://www.clasp.ngo/cook-cleaner-europe/
0. International Energy Agency, “Access to Clean Cooking”. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
1. Modern Energy Cooking Services programme, “The Green Shift in Clean Cooking Fuel in India”, 18 May 2023. https://mecs.org.uk/blog/the-green-shift-in-clean-cooking-fuel-in-india/
2. International Energy Agency, “Electricity access continues to improve in 2024 – after first global setback in decades”, 5 November 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
3. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
4. “Kenya 2024 Energy Policy Review”, International Energy Agency, April 2025. https://www.iea.org/reports/kenya-2024
5. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
6. ”Household air pollution”, World Health Organization, October 16, 2024. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health
UK Aid to Support Research in the Global Push to Transition to Electric Cooking Solutions
At the UN Climate Change Conference in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP 29), UK Aid (FCDO) announced a substantial extension of their Modern Energy Cooking Services (MECS) program. This funding boost will help accelerate the adoption of clean cooking practices and transform the lives of millions of people across Africa, Indo-Pacific, and South and Southeast Asia. CLASP looks forward to continued collaboration with MECS to expand access to clean, modern cooking solutions.
Clean cooking: Good for people and planet
The MECS programme is speeding-up the shift to clean cooking by driving research, testing new technologies, and tracking global tools and trends. It targets the 2.1 billion people—26% of the world’s population—who still rely on polluting fuels such as firewood and charcoal for their cooking. A transition to modern, clean cooking would help eliminate the harmful effect of these fuels on income, health, and the environment and have a profound social and economic impact on communities, especially on the women and children that bear the disproportionate burden of collecting fuel and preparing food.

MECS extension powers future impact
The MECS extension builds on the six-year success of the MECS programme in advancing the clean cooking agenda globally. To date, the programme has helped 3.8 million people adopt cleaner, more efficient cooking practices that lower fuel use, improve air quality, and boost income. It has also attracted £400 million of additional investment for clean energy innovation and published over 300 research papers. This compelling evidence base has already informed the adoption in policy of electric cooking (e-Cooking) in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania.
Aligning with the global goals
The MECS programme budget will increase by £44 million, raising the total value to £99 million, and pushing its work to December 2030 to align with the target dates of the Sustainable Development Goals. This extension will enable the implementing partners to continue driving even more impactful clean cooking solutions. By 2030, MECS aims to improve clean cooking access for 10 million people, leverage £1 billion in investments, publish 650 research products, and influence policy adoption in 12 countries. The MECS extension is expected to have reach across 17 countries in Africa, Indo-Pacific, and South and Southeast Asia, where clean energy transitions are urgently needed.

About CLASP
CLASP is the leading global authority with 25 years’ expertise on how applianceefficiency drives climate mitigation, adaptation, and improves the lives and livelihoodsof people. An international non-profit with offices on four continents, CLASPcollaborates with policymakers, appliance manufacturers, and leading experts todeliver sound policy recommendations, innovative tools, ground-breaking research,and clear pathways to a more sustainable world for people and the planet.
0. International Energy Agency, “Access to Clean Cooking”. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
1. Modern Energy Cooking Services programme, “The Green Shift in Clean Cooking Fuel in India”, 18 May 2023. https://mecs.org.uk/blog/the-green-shift-in-clean-cooking-fuel-in-india/
2. International Energy Agency, “Electricity access continues to improve in 2024 – after first global setback in decades”, 5 November 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections/access-to-clean-cooking
3. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
4. “Kenya 2024 Energy Policy Review”, International Energy Agency, April 2025. https://www.iea.org/reports/kenya-2024
5. “Kenya National Cooking Strategy 2024-2028”, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum. https://www.energy.go.ke/sites/default/files/KAWI/Publication/Kenya%20National%20Cooking%20Transition%20Strategy_Signed.pdf
6. ”Household air pollution”, World Health Organization, October 16, 2024. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health
